US Home Loans vs. Indian Home Loans

Swaminathan S Anklesaria Aiyar in The Sunday Times has written a great article by reasoning why a Subprime mess is not likely to take place in India. Is this definitely an eye opener.

Read the article here.

Also, I feel he’s a great writer and some of his earlier articles are also gems. So please find the list of other articles here.

Here’s a small excerpt.

A housing boom-and-bust has engulfed the US financial sector in crisis. India, too, has experienced a runaway real estate boom, which in a few areas is going bust. The share prices of real estate companies have crashed. Yet, India has no mortgage crisis or financial sector crisis.

Why not? Mainly because of the huge amount of black money in Indian real estate. This has saved the Indian financial sector in unexpected ways. Traditionally, US mortgage lenders checked the creditworthiness of borrowers, and then made the borrower pay at least 20% of the house value, loaning the remaining 80%. So, even if the price of the house dipped, it would still be higher than the bank's loan, and the borrower had an incentive to repay it.

Also if I may add, buying a house in India involves a lot of sentimental factors associated with it. The strong family ties, concept of a joint family or living with your parents also serve as a deterrent to just switching houses or walking away from one. While the amount of black (illegal) money in circulation in India is certainly not advocated it’s an interesting outlook into how the home loan market in India works.

Is JP Morgan in a Quagmire?

Mr. Jamie Dimon, Chairman and Chief executive of JP Morgan recently raised the bid price for Bear Stearns to $10 a share which takes the bid to $2.1 billion. This is supposed to be a fair deal, or at least fairer than the last offering, much to please the investors and the employees. But still a third less than the valuation on March 14, 2008. Valuations and the actual crisis at Bear Stearns aside the earlier valuation of $240 million or so was really a joke for a firm like Bear Stearns. The bailout by the Fed will be in end be financed by American tax payers money. One can argue that the actual fall would have been even more damaging to the American financial system.

Bear Stearns currently owns $30 billion of least liquid assets out of which $29 billion will be financed by the Fed and JP Morgan will bear losses of $1 billion. JP Morgan already has set aside $6 billion for lawsuits and merger costs. This is three times more than the cost of acquisition itself . Besides being big in home equity loans (read subprime mess), it is number one in the US in Credit Default Swaps. This really should be worrying.

What is a Credit Default Swap (CDS) anyway?

It’s an agreement between two parties to take responsibility for the credit risk for a third party entity can offer.

Alright, so what does it mean?

For a buyer:

A buyer will pay a periodic fee to a seller of a CDS to offer him protection in case a third party is to default on a payment. This offers him guarantee that his liability over this credit risk is limited.

For a Seller:

In case a third part defaults on credit taken the seller of a CDS has to pay the buyer of a CDS with whatever sum agreed. The seller here can either take over the defaulted credit position or pay upfront to the buyer of a CDS whatever is the difference.

Mr. Dimon has sure has a tough task at hand at merging Bear Stearns and keeping his own firm in sound financial health.

Time magazine here has an excellent write up regarding a potential CDS crisis.

BBC on US Fed's Injection

A day after Fed's injection of $200 billion dollars BBC's Business Editor Robert Peston here explains why even $200 billion won't make any sense and on Carlyle Capital which is on the brink of a collapse.

Robert Peston's Blog on BBC

Subprime Equilibrium

Credit crunch, liquidity being sucked out of the system, FIIs not pumping the money, more bad news in the form of Blackstone profits (one of the major investors in India) and crude oil trading at $108 - 109 levels. Life on the stock markets is really tough these days.

Today though, the Indian stock markets showed some signs of recovery. There should be more on Wednesday based on US Federal Reserve decision to lend up to $200 billion to banks and lenders and ease liquidity. The Dow too as I write this is posting good gains based on the central bank’s decision. The US Fed Reserve is really taking some steps to thwart recession and hopefully it works for the US economy and of course that would mean good news to us too.

Point is when the Indian economy was in such good gear just 2 quarters back, has the tide turned really and all developmental activities leading to India’s growth halted. Or is it just a case of the confidence being low all over, more so because of global factors. Such that it has become a wait and watch game for Indian investors. However strong the domestic growth story may be, there is no denying the impact of the rupee on exporters even others than in the services sector. Their margins have got squeezed and which in turn has affected the local players supplying them.

So when is all this going to balance out? How long is long term to stay put in the stock markets. The rupee is going to get stronger as soon as FII start pumping money again on account of Indian growth story which in turn would hurt exporters or till the FIIs don’t pump in money the stock markets will keep searching for directions and which will hurt investor sentiments. It’s time to get the fundamentals in shape such that the Indian growth story remains intact and still provides value. It’s a time reassess business strategies and growth drivers such that investors have confidence in India and come in droves.